THE IMPACT OF UAVS ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC INTERACTIONS OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Abstract

Introduction. This article is devoted to the study of the impact of unmanned aerial vehicles on the development and organizational and economic interactions of agricultural enterprises. Rapid progress in the field of unmanned technologies opens up new opportunities for improving the efficiency of agricultural production, but their implementation is fraught with certain challenges related to organizational changes, investment costs and the need to adapt to new technologies. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the impact of UAVs on various aspects of agricultural enterprises, identifying both the positive and negative sides of their use. Methods. The methods used make it possible to understand the impact of UAVs on various aspects of the activities of agricultural enterprises. The work uses a system analysis to assess the relationship between the use of UAVs and key performance indicators of enterprises. To analyze the economic efficiency, a method was used to compare the costs and results of using UAVs and traditional methods. In addition, a qualitative analysis was conducted based on the study of the practice of using UAVs in agriculture, including the analysis of expert assessments and data from the reporting of enterprises. Data collection methods included the analysis of regulatory documents and scientific literature. Analysis. The analysis is based on an understanding of the data obtained on the use of UAVs in various fields of agricultural production (crop monitoring, pesticide treatment, seeding, etc.). Special attention is paid to the analysis of the economic efficiency of using UAVs, taking into account the costs of purchasing and operating devices, increasing labor productivity and reducing the cost of other resources (for example, water, pesticides, fertilizers). The organizational aspects of UAV implementation are considered. Results. Both the positive effects of using UAVs in agriculture (increasing yields, reducing resource costs, optimizing production processes) and limitations (high cost of initial investments, the need for special training of personnel, dependence on weather conditions) have been identified. The factors influencing the effectiveness of the implementation of UAVs have been identified. Recommendations are proposed for optimizing the process of introducing UAVs in agricultural enterprises, taking into account the identified features.